Arthur Rubinstein

Polish virtuoso pianist (January 28, 1887, L'od'z, Poland - December 20, 1982, Geneva, Switzerland). [b](Please use Anton Rubinstein for the composer of "Melody in F" ("Melod'ia en Fa" / "M'elodie pour Nathalie").[/b] Over his eight-decade career, Rubinstein played thousands of concerts across Europe and the U.S. to South America, Asia, Australia, North Africa and Russia. He initially recorded for HMV/EMI and then began a thirty-six-year association with RCA, making a large quantity of recordings from 1928 to 1978. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest pianists of all time. Rubinstein began study at the age of three and began studies at the Warsaw Conservatory at the age of eight. The following year he began studies with Heinrich Barth in Berlin. Rubinstein was seven when he made his first public appearance, and he made his European debut in Berlin at age 13. In 1906 he made his American debut with the Philadelphia Orchestra at [l=Carnegie Hall]. During World War I, Rubinstein served as a military interpreter in London and performed there with the violinist Eug`ene Ysa"ye. From 1916 to 1918 he visited Spain and South America and created a sensation by introducing works by Manuel de Falla, Isaac Alb'eniz, and Enrique Granados. During the 1920s Rubinstein developed a reputation as a cosmopolitan socialite, but in 1932 he married Aniela Mlynarski and began to seriously analyze his artistry. He renewed his dedication to music, practiced 12 to 16 hours a day, and brought a new discipline to his already brilliant technique. When he returned once again to the United States in 1937 and performed at Carnegie Hall, and was hailed as a genius. Throughout the rest of his career, Rubinstein retained a high artistic reputation and had a huge repertoire that included works by landmark 18th- and 19th-century composers Mozart, Beethoven, and Chopin, as well as important 20th-century figures such as Alb'eniz, Maurice Ravel, and Igor Stravinsky. Rubinstein was considered a master interpreter of Chopin’s work. He moved to the United States during World War II and was granted citizenship in 1946. Rubinstein was known as a witty extrovert and an irrepressible raconteur, but he was also a serious musician whose stage presence enhanced his playing. He made more than 200 recordings. Rubinstein was awarded the United States Medal of Freedom in 1976.